What defines an antiseptic?

An antiseptic is specifically defined as a chemical agent that is applied to living tissues to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent infection. Unlike disinfectants, which are designed for inanimate surfaces, antiseptics are formulated to be safe for use on the skin and other mucous membranes.

The distinction lies in their application; while antiseptics control microbial growth on living tissues, disinfectants are intended to kill microbes on non-living surfaces. Additionally, the strong focus of antiseptics on user safety and the inhibition of microbial growth on living tissues reflects the importance of preventing infections without causing harm to the host.

Other terms like sterilization refer to the complete elimination of all forms of microbial life, which is a more stringent process than what antiseptics provide. Therefore, option C accurately captures the essence of what defines an antiseptic in the context of bacteriology.