What is antibiotic resistance?

Antibiotic resistance is specifically defined as the ability of bacteria to evolve and develop mechanisms that enable them to withstand the effects of antibiotics. This process often occurs through genetic mutations or the acquisition of resistance genes from other bacteria, allowing them to survive in the presence of drugs that would typically kill them or inhibit their growth. As a result, infections caused by resistant bacteria are more difficult to treat, leading to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and increased mortality.

The focus of this definition highlights the evolutionary aspect of bacteria. Over time, selective pressure from the widespread use of antibiotics drives the survival of resistant strains, while susceptible bacteria are eliminated. Thus, understanding the basis of antibiotic resistance is critical for developing effective treatment strategies and combating the growing issue of resistant infections.