What is bacterial conjugation?

What is bacterial conjugation?

• A. A method of asexual reproduction
• B. The process of one bacterium transferring genetic material to another
• C. A form of cell division
• D. A way bacteria absorb nutrients

Answer: (B)

Bacterial conjugation is defined as the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. This mechanism of horizontal gene transfer plays a crucial role in the genetic diversity of bacteria and in the spreading of traits such as antibiotic resistance. During conjugation, a donor bacterium forms a physical connection, often through a structure called a pilus, to a recipient bacterium. This connection allows the transfer of plasmids or other genetic material, which can then be incorporated into the recipient's genome. This form of genetic exchange is distinct from asexual reproduction, cell division, or nutrient absorption, as it specifically involves the transfer of genetic information between living bacterial cells. Understanding this process is vital as it underscores the adaptability and evolution of bacterial populations.

Bacterial conjugation is defined as the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. This mechanism of horizontal gene transfer plays a crucial role in the genetic diversity of bacteria and in the spreading of traits such as antibiotic resistance. During conjugation, a donor bacterium forms a physical connection, often through a structure called a pilus, to a recipient bacterium. This connection allows the transfer of plasmids or other genetic material, which can then be incorporated into the recipient's genome.

This form of genetic exchange is distinct from asexual reproduction, cell division, or nutrient absorption, as it specifically involves the transfer of genetic information between living bacterial cells. Understanding this process is vital as it underscores the adaptability and evolution of bacterial populations.