What is the role of extracellular matrix in a biofilm?

What is the role of extracellular matrix in a biofilm?

• A. To facilitate bacterial movement
• B. To provide nutrients to bacteria
• C. To protect bacteria from environmental threats
• D. To enhance genetic diversity

Answer: (C)

The role of the extracellular matrix in a biofilm is primarily to protect bacteria from environmental threats. This matrix, which is composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids, surrounds the bacterial cells within the biofilm. It serves several crucial functions that enhance the survival of the bacterial community. By forming a dense and complex structure, the extracellular matrix acts as a physical barrier, shielding the embedded bacteria from harmful substances such as antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, and adverse environmental conditions. This protective layer may also help to retain moisture and nutrients within the biofilm, further enhancing bacterial survival. Additionally, the matrix can limit the penetration of immune cells and other environmental stresses, allowing the bacteria to thrive even in challenging conditions where free-floating bacteria might perish. Therefore, the extracellular matrix is essential for the resilience and longevity of biofilms in various environments.

The role of the extracellular matrix in a biofilm is primarily to protect bacteria from environmental threats. This matrix, which is composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids, surrounds the bacterial cells within the biofilm. It serves several crucial functions that enhance the survival of the bacterial community.

By forming a dense and complex structure, the extracellular matrix acts as a physical barrier, shielding the embedded bacteria from harmful substances such as antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, and adverse environmental conditions. This protective layer may also help to retain moisture and nutrients within the biofilm, further enhancing bacterial survival.

Additionally, the matrix can limit the penetration of immune cells and other environmental stresses, allowing the bacteria to thrive even in challenging conditions where free-floating bacteria might perish. Therefore, the extracellular matrix is essential for the resilience and longevity of biofilms in various environments.